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AFTERImage example 4: Image blendingdemonstrates blending of multiple image using different algorithms



    libAfterImage/tutorials/ASMerge
  • NAME
    ASMerge

  • SYNOPSIS
    Scaling and blending of arbitrary number of images
    using  libAfterImage .
    
  • DESCRIPTION
    We will attempt to interpret command line arguments as sequence of
    image filenames, geometries and blending types. We'll then try and
    load all the images, scaling first one to requested size, and
    blending others at specifyed locations of the first image.
    We then display the result in simple window.
    After that we would want to  wait , until user closes our window.
    
    New steps described in this tutorial are :
    Step 1. Layers.
    Step 2. Merging methods.
    Step 3. Layer parameters.
    Step 4. Actual blending of the  set  of images.
    
  • SEE ALSO
    Tutorial 1:  ASView   - explanation of basic steps needed to use
                           libAfterImage  and some other simple things.
    Tutorial 2:  ASScale  - image scaling basics.
    Tutorial 3:  ASTile   - image tiling and tinting
    
  • SOURCE

    
    #include "../afterbase.h"
    #include "../afterimage.h"
    #include "common.h"
    
    char *burning_rose[] =
    {
        "asmerge",
        "rose512.jpg",
        " add ",
        "back.xpm:512x386",
        " hue ",
        "fore.xpm:512x386"
    };
    
    void usage()
    {
        printf( "Usage: asmerge [-h]|[image op1 image1 [op2 image2 [...]]]\n");
        printf( "Where: image  - is  background  image filename\n");
        printf( "       image1 - is first  overlay 's filename\n");
        printf( "       op1,op2,... -  overlay  operation."
                " Supported operations are :\n");
        list_scanline_merging( stdout,
                "         %-15.15s- %s\n");
    }
    
    int main(int argc, char* argv[])
    {
         ASVisual  *asv ;
        int  screen  = 0, depth = 0;
        int to_width = 1, to_height = 1;
         ASImageLayer  *layers ;
        int layers_num = 0, i;
         ASImage  *merged_im ;
    
        /* see  ASView .1 : */
        set_application_name( argv[0] );
    # if  (HAVE_AFTERBASE_FLAG==1)
        set_output_threshold(OUTPUT_LEVEL_DEBUG);
    #endif
        if( argc == 2 && strncmp(argv[1],"-h", 2) == 0 )
        {
            usage();
            return 0;
        }
        if( argc <= 3 )
        {
            show_error( "not enough arguments, please see usage:%s", " ");
            usage() ;
            printf( "Using the default, \"The Burning Rose\", composition :\n");
            printf( "\n\trose512.jpg  add  back.xpm:512x386  hue  "
                    "fore.xpm:512x386\n");
            argv = &(burning_rose[0]) ;
            argc = 6;
        }
    
    #ifndef X_DISPLAY_MISSING
        dpy = XOpenDisplay(NULL);
        _XA_WM_DELETE_WINDOW = XInternAtom( dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
         screen  = DefaultScreen(dpy);
        depth = DefaultDepth( dpy,  screen  );
    #endif
        /* see  ASView .3 : */
        asv = create_asvisual( dpy,  screen , depth, NULL );
    
        /* see  ASMerge .1 : */
        layers = safecalloc( argc/2, sizeof(ASImageLayer) );
    
        for( i = 1 ; i < argc ; i++ )
        {
            int x = 0, y = 0;
            unsigned int width, height ;
            int geom_flags = 0 ;
            char *separator;
            char *filename ;
            /* see  ASMerge .2 */
            if( i > 1 )
            {
                /* see blend_scanlines_name2func() : */
                if((layers[layers_num].merge_scanlines =
                     blend_scanlines_name2func( argv[i] )) == NULL )
                    continue ;
                if( ++i >= argc )
                    break;
            }
            if( (separator = strchr( argv[i], ':' )) != NULL )
            {   /* see  ASTile .1 : */
                geom_flags = XParseGeometry( separator+1, 
                                             &x, &y, &width, &height);
                filename = mystrndup( argv[i], separator-argv[i] );
            }else
                filename = argv[i] ;
            layers[layers_num].im = file2ASImage( filename, 0xFFFFFFFF,
                                                  SCREEN_GAMMA, 100, getenv("IMAGE_PATH"), NULL );
            if( filename != argv[i] )
                free( filename );
            if( layers[layers_num].im != NULL )
            {
                if( !get_flags(geom_flags, WidthValue) )
                    width = layers[layers_num].im->width  ;
                if( !get_flags(geom_flags, HeightValue) )
                    height = layers[layers_num].im->height ;
                /* see  ASMerge .3 : */
                if( layers[layers_num].merge_scanlines == NULL )
                    layers[layers_num].merge_scanlines =
                        alphablend_scanlines ;
                layers[layers_num].clip_width = width ;
                layers[layers_num].clip_height = height ;
                if( layers_num > 0 )
                {
                    layers[layers_num].dst_x = x ;
                    layers[layers_num].dst_y = y ;
                }else
                {
                    to_width = width ;
                    to_height = height ;
                    if( width != layers[layers_num].im->width ||
                        height != layers[layers_num].im->height )
                    {
                         ASImage  *scaled_bottom ;
                        /* see  ASScale .2 : */
                        scaled_bottom = scale_asimage( asv, 
                                                       layers[layers_num].im,
                                                       width, height, 
                                                       False, 100,
                                                    ASIMAGE_QUALITY_DEFAULT );
                        destroy_asimage( &(layers[layers_num].im) );
                        layers[layers_num].im = scaled_bottom ;
                    }
                }
                ++layers_num ;
            }
        }
    
        if( layers_num <= 0 )
        {
            show_error( "there is no images to  merge . Aborting");
            return 2;
        }
    
        /* see  ASMerge .4 */
        merged_im = merge_layers( asv, layers, layers_num,
                                  to_width, to_height,
    #ifndef X_DISPLAY_MISSING
                                  ASA_XImage,
    #else
                                  ASA_ASImage,
    #endif
                                  0, ASIMAGE_QUALITY_DEFAULT );
        while( --layers_num >= 0 )
            destroy_asimage( &(layers[layers_num].im) );
        free( layers );
    
        if( merged_im )
        {
    #ifndef X_DISPLAY_MISSING
        /* see  ASView .4 : */
            Window w = create_top_level_window( asv, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), 
                                                32, 32,
                                                to_width, to_height, 
                                                1, 0, NULL,
                                                " ASMerge ", NULL );
            if( w != None )
            {
                Pixmap p ;
    
                XMapRaised   (dpy, w);
                /* see  ASView .5 : */
                p = asimage2pixmap( asv, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), merged_im,
                                NULL, True );
    
                destroy_asimage( &merged_im );
                /* see common.c: set_window_background_and_free() : */
                p = set_window_background_and_free( w, p );
                /* see common.c: wait_closedown() : */
                wait_closedown(w);
            }
            if( dpy )
                XCloseDisplay (dpy);
    #else
            /* writing result into the file */
            ASImage2file( merged_im, NULL, "asmerge.jpg", ASIT_Jpeg, NULL );
            destroy_asimage( &merged_im );
    #endif
        }
    #ifdef DEBUG_ALLOCS
        build_xpm_colormap(NULL);
        print_unfreed_mem();
    #endif
        return 0 ;
    }
    

    • libAfterImage/tutorials/ASMerge.2 [4.2]
    • SYNOPSIS
      Step 2. Merging methods.
      
    • DESCRIPTION
      Each layer can be merged in using its own method. There are about 15
      different methods implemented in  libAfterImage , and user app can
      implement other methods of its own. To specify method all that is
      needed is to  set  merge_scanlines member of  ASImageLayer  to pointer
      to the function, implementing specific method.
      
       libAfterImage  provides facility to parse method name strings into
      actuall function pointers. That could be used to simplifi scripting,
      etc.
      
    • EXAMPLE
             if((layers[layers_num].merge_scanlines =
                 blend_scanlines_name2func( argv[i] )) == NULL )
                 continue ;
      NOTE
      All layers MUST have valid merge_scanlines pointer, even the
      bottommost layer, despite the fact that it has nothing to be merged
      with. If merge_scanlines is  set  to NULL - this layer will be ignored.
      That could be used to turn on/off particular layers.
      
      libAfterImage/tutorials/ASMerge.3 [4.3]
    • SYNOPSIS
      Step 3. Layer parameters.
      
    • DESCRIPTION
      Several  ASImageLayer  members are mandatory and cannot be  set  to 0.
      Such as : im - image to be merged; clip_width, clip_height - this will
      be used to  tile  the image; merge_scanlines - must be  set  to a pointer
      to the function implementing merging method. If any of this is  set 
      to 0  - then layer will be ignored. The rest of the parameters are
      optional. Note thou that  tint  parameter will  tint   overlay 's RGB
      components and alpha component, as the result it could be used to
       make  opaque images - semitransparent.
      
    • EXAMPLE
          if( layers[layers_num].merge_scanlines == NULL )
              layers[layers_num].merge_scanlines =
                  alphablend_scanlines ;
          layers[layers_num].clip_width = width ;
          layers[layers_num].clip_height = height ;
          if( layers_num > 0 )
          {
              layers[layers_num].dst_x = x ;
              layers[layers_num].dst_y = y ;
          }
      
      libAfterImage/tutorials/ASMerge.4 [4.4]
    • SYNOPSIS
      Step 4. Actual blending of the  set  of images.
      
    • DESCRIPTION
      After  set  of layers has been prepared - it can be passed to
      merge_layers() function, that will  create  new  ASImage  of specifyed
      size, and then  blend  all the layers together to  fill  this image.
      
    • EXAMPLE
              merged_im = merge_layers( asv, layers, layers_num,
                                        to_width, to_height,
                                        ASA_ASImage, 0, 
                                        ASIMAGE_QUALITY_DEFAULT );
              while( --layers_num >= 0 )
                  destroy_asimage( &(layers[layers_num].im) );
              free( layers );
      
    • NOTES
      After we've blended layers - we no longer need  ASImageLayer  array.
      So proceeding to clean it up, by destroying  overlay  AsImages first,
      and then freeing array itself.
      
    • SEE ALSO
      merge_asimage().
      


AfterStep Documentation   -   October 2005     ( 80% complete )

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