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AFTERImage example 7: Text renderingdemonstrates antialiased texturized text rendering



    libAfterImage/tutorials/ASText
  • NAME
    ASText

  • SYNOPSIS
     libAfterImage  application for rendering texturized  text .
    
  • DESCRIPTION
    In this tutorial we will attempt to render arbitrary  text  in window,
    with optional texturized  background  and foreground. We shall also
    surround rendered  text  with beveled frame, creating an illusion of a
    button.
    
    New steps described in this tutorial are :
     ASText .1. Openning and closing fonts.
     ASText .2. Approximating rendered  text  size.
     ASText .3. Rendering texturized  text .
     ASText .4. Merging foreground and  background  with  bevel .
    
  • SEE ALSO
    Tutorial 1:  ASView   - explanation of basic steps needed to use
                           libAfterImage  and some other simple things.
    Tutorial 2:  ASScale  - image scaling basics.
    Tutorial 3:  ASTile   - image tiling and tinting.
    Tutorial 4:  ASMerge  - scaling and blending of arbitrary number of
                          images.
    Tutorial 5:  ASGrad   - drawing multipoint linear gradients.
    Tutorial 6:  ASFlip   - image rotation.
    
  • SOURCE

    
    #include "../afterbase.h"
    #include "../afterimage.h"
    #include "common.h"
    
    /* Usage:  astext [-f font] [-s size] [-t  text ] [-S 3D_style]
                      [-c text_color] [-b background_color]
                      [-T foreground_texture] [-B background_image]
                      [-r foreground_resize_type] [-R background_resize_type]
     */
    
    #define BEVEL_HI_WIDTH 20
    #define BEVEL_LO_WIDTH 30
    #define BEVEL_ADDON    (BEVEL_HI_WIDTH+BEVEL_LO_WIDTH)
    
    void usage()
    {
        printf( "  Usage:   astext [-h] [-f font] [-s size] [-t  text ] "
                "[-S 3D_style] \n");
        printf( "                  [-c text_color] [-b background_color]\n");
        printf( "                  [-T foreground_texture] "
                "[-B background_image]\n");
        printf( "                  [-r foreground_resize_type] "
                "[-R background_resize_type]\n");
        printf( "                  [-m ]\n");
        printf( "  Where: font - TrueType font's filename or X font spec or "
                "alias;\n");
        printf( "         size - size in points for TrueType fonts;\n");
        printf( "          text  -  text  to be drawn;\n");
        printf( "         3D_style - 3D style of  text . "
                "One of the following:\n");
        printf( "             0 - plain 2D tetx, 1 - embossed, 2 - sunken, "
                "3 - shade above,\n");
        printf( "             4 - shade below, 5 - embossed thick, "
                "6 - sunken thick.\n");
        printf( "             7 - ouline above, 8 - ouline below, "
                "9 - full ouline.\n");
        printf( "         resize_type - tells how texture/image should be "
                "transformed to fit\n");
        printf( "         the  text  size. Could be:  scale  or  tile ." 
                "Default is  tile \n");
        printf( "         -m  make  font monospaced. \n");
    
    
    }
    
    int main(int argc, char* argv[])
    {
         ASVisual  *asv = NULL ;
        int  screen  = 0, depth = 0;
        char *font_name = "test.ttf";
        int size = 32 ;
    # if  0
        char * text  = "  还没有";  /* chinese */ 
    #else
        char * text  = "Smart Brown Dog jumps\nOver The Lazy Fox,\n"
                     "and falls into the ditch.";
    #endif
         ARGB32  text_color = ARGB32_White, back_color = ARGB32_Black;
        char *text_color_name = "#FFFFFFFF", *back_color_name = "#FF000000";
        char *fore_image_file = "fore.xpm" ;
        char *back_image_file = "back.xpm" ;
        Bool scale_fore_image = False, scale_back_image = False ;
         ASImage  *fore_im = NULL, *back_im = NULL;
         ASImage  *text_im = NULL ;
        struct  ASFontManager  *fontman = NULL;
        struct  ASFont   *font = NULL;
        unsigned int width, height ;
        int i ;
        int text_margin = size/2 ;
        Bool monospaced = False ;
        char * font_path = NULL;
         ASTextAttributes  attr = {ASTA_VERSION_1, ASTA_UseTabStops, 
                                 AST_ShadeBelow, ASCT_UTF8, 8, 0, 
                                 NULL, 0, ARGB32_White };
        
        /* see  ASView .1 : */
        set_application_name( argv[0] );
    # if  (HAVE_AFTERBASE_FLAG==1)
        set_output_threshold(OUTPUT_LEVEL_DEBUG);
    #endif
    
        if( argc == 1 )
            usage();
        else for( i = 1 ; i < argc ; i++ )
        {
            if( strncmp( argv[i], "-h", 2 ) == 0 )
            {
                usage();
                return 0;
            }
            if( strncmp( argv[i], "-m", 2 ) == 0 )
            {
                monospaced = True ;
            }else if( i+1 < argc )
            {
                if( strncmp( argv[i], "-f", 2 ) == 0 )
                    font_name = argv[i+1] ;
                else if( strncmp( argv[i], "-s", 2 ) == 0 )
                {
                    size = atoi(argv[i+1]);
                    text_margin = size/2 ;
                }else if( strncmp( argv[i], "-t", 2 ) == 0 )
                     text  = argv[i+1] ;
                else if( strncmp( argv[i], "-S", 2 ) == 0 )
                {
                    attr.type = atoi(argv[i+1]);
                    if( attr.type >= AST_3DTypes )
                    {
                        show_error( "3D type is wrong. "
                                    "Using 2D Plain instead.");
                        attr.type = AST_Plain ;
                    }
    
                }else if( strncmp( argv[i], "-c", 2 ) == 0 )
                    text_color_name = argv[i+1] ;
                else if( strncmp( argv[i], "-b", 2 ) == 0 )
                    back_color_name = argv[i+1] ;
                else if( strncmp( argv[i], "-T", 2 ) == 0 )
                    fore_image_file = argv[i+1] ;
                else if( strncmp( argv[i], "-B", 2 ) == 0 )
                    back_image_file = argv[i+1] ;
                else if( strncmp( argv[i], "-r", 2 ) == 0 )
                    scale_fore_image = (strcmp( argv[i+1], " scale ") == 0);
                else if( strncmp( argv[i], "-R", 2 ) == 0 )
                    scale_back_image = (strcmp( argv[i+1], " scale ") == 0);
            }
        }
    
    
    #ifndef X_DISPLAY_MISSING
        dpy = XOpenDisplay(NULL);
        _XA_WM_DELETE_WINDOW = XInternAtom( dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
         screen  = DefaultScreen(dpy);
        depth = DefaultDepth( dpy,  screen  );
    #endif
    
        /* see  ASText .1 : */
        if( getenv("FONT_PATH") != NULL ) 
        {
            font_path = safemalloc( strlen(getenv("FONT_PATH"))+1+2+1);
            sprintf( font_path, "%s:./", getenv("FONT_PATH") );
            
        }    
        if( (fontman = create_font_manager( dpy, font_path, NULL )) != NULL )
            font = get_asfont( fontman, font_name, 0, size, 
                               ASF_GuessWho|(monospaced?ASF_Monospaced:0) );
    
        if( font == NULL )
        {
            show_error( "unable to load requested font \"%s\". "
                        "Falling back to \"fixed\".", font_name );
            font = get_asfont( fontman, "fixed", 0, size, ASF_GuessWho );
            if( font == NULL )
            {
                show_error("font \"fixed\" is not available either. Aborting.");
                return 1;
            }
        }
    
        /*for( i = 0 ; i < 128 ; ++i ) 
            print_asglyph( stderr, font, i); */
    
        parse_argb_color( text_color_name, &text_color );
        parse_argb_color( back_color_name, &back_color );
    
        attr.fore_color = text_color ;
        if( attr.type >= AST_OutlineAbove ) 
            fore_image_file = NULL ;
    
        /* see  ASView .3 : */
        asv = create_asvisual( dpy,  screen , depth, NULL );
    
        /* see  ASText .2 : */
        /*set_asfont_glyph_spacing( font, 10, 40 );*/
        /*Simple way:get_text_size(  text , font, attr.type, &width, &height ); */
        /*Fancy way : */
        get_fancy_text_size(  text , font, &attr, &width, &height, 0, NULL );
    /* show_progress( "extimated  text  size = %dx%d", width, height ); */
        
        if( fore_image_file )
        {
             ASImage  *tmp = file2ASImage( fore_image_file, 0xFFFFFFFF,
                                         SCREEN_GAMMA, 0, getenv("IMAGE_PATH"), NULL );
            if( tmp )
            {
                if( tmp->width != width || tmp->height != height )
                {   /* see  ASScale .2 : */
                    if( scale_fore_image )
                        fore_im = scale_asimage( asv, tmp, width, height,
                                                 ASA_ASImage, 0, 
                                                 ASIMAGE_QUALITY_DEFAULT );
                    else
                        fore_im = tile_asimage( asv, tmp, 0, 0, 
                                                width, height, 0,
                                                ASA_ASImage, 0, 
                                                ASIMAGE_QUALITY_DEFAULT );
                    destroy_asimage( &tmp );
                }else
                    fore_im = tmp ;
            }else
                fore_im = NULL ;
        }
        width  += text_margin*2 + BEVEL_ADDON;
        height += text_margin*2 + BEVEL_ADDON;
        if( back_image_file )
        { /* see  ASView .2 : */
             ASImage  *tmp = file2ASImage( back_image_file, 0xFFFFFFFF,
                                        SCREEN_GAMMA, 0, getenv("IMAGE_PATH"), NULL );
            if( tmp )
            {
                if( scale_back_image && 
                    (tmp->width != width || tmp->height != height) )
                {   /* see  ASScale .2 : */
                    back_im = scale_asimage( asv, tmp, width, height,
                                             ASA_ASImage, 0, 
                                             ASIMAGE_QUALITY_DEFAULT );
                    destroy_asimage( &tmp );
                }else
                    back_im = tmp ;
            }else
                back_im = NULL ;
        }
    
        /* see  ASText .3 : */
        /* simple way : text_im = draw_text(  text , font, attr.type, 0 ); */
        text_im = draw_fancy_text(  text , font, &attr, 0, 0 );
        if( fore_im )
        {
            move_asimage_channel( fore_im, IC_ALPHA, text_im, IC_ALPHA );
            destroy_asimage( &text_im );
        }else
            fore_im = text_im ;
    
        /* see  ASText .1 : */
        release_font( font );
        destroy_font_manager( fontman, False );
    
        if( fore_im )
        {
             ASImage  *rendered_im ;
             ASImageLayer  layers[2] ;
             ASImageBevel   bevel  = {0/*BEVEL_SOLID_INLINE*/, 0xFFDDDDDD, 
                                  0xFF555555, 0xFFFFFFFF, 
                                  0xFF777777, 0xFF222222,
                                  BEVEL_HI_WIDTH, BEVEL_HI_WIDTH,
                                  BEVEL_LO_WIDTH, BEVEL_LO_WIDTH,
                                  BEVEL_HI_WIDTH, BEVEL_HI_WIDTH,
                                  BEVEL_LO_WIDTH, BEVEL_LO_WIDTH } ;
    
            /* see  ASText .4 : */
            init_image_layers( &(layers[0]), 2 );
            if( back_im )
                back_im->back_color = back_color ;
            if( fore_im ) 
                fore_im->back_color = text_color ;
            layers[0].im = back_im ;
            layers[0].dst_x = 0 ;
            layers[0].dst_y = 0 ;
            layers[0].clip_width = width ;
            layers[0].clip_height = height ;
            layers[0]. bevel  = & bevel  ;
            layers[1].im = fore_im ;
            layers[1].dst_x = text_margin+BEVEL_HI_WIDTH*2 ;
            layers[1].dst_y = text_margin+
                                MIN( (int)text_margin,
                                    ((int)font->max_height-
                                     (int)font->max_ascend))/2+
                                     BEVEL_HI_WIDTH*2;
            if( fore_im ) 
            {   
                layers[1].clip_width = fore_im->width ;
                layers[1].clip_height = fore_im->height ;
            }
            rendered_im = merge_layers( asv, &(layers[0]), 2,
                                        width+BEVEL_ADDON, height+BEVEL_ADDON,
    #ifndef X_DISPLAY_MISSING
                                        ASA_XImage,
    #else
                                        ASA_ASImage,
    #endif
                                        0, ASIMAGE_QUALITY_DEFAULT);
            destroy_asimage( &fore_im );
            destroy_asimage( &back_im );
    
            if( rendered_im )
            {
    #ifndef X_DISPLAY_MISSING
                Window w;
                /* see  ASView .4 : */
                w = create_top_level_window( asv, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), 
                                             32, 32,
                                             width+BEVEL_ADDON, 
                                             height+BEVEL_ADDON,
                                             1, 0, NULL,
                                             " ASText ",  text  );
                if( w != None )
                {
                    Pixmap p ;
    
                    XMapRaised   (dpy, w);
    
                    /* see  ASView .5 : */
                    p = asimage2pixmap( asv, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), 
                                        rendered_im, NULL, True );
                    destroy_asimage( &rendered_im );
                    /* see common.c: set_window_background_and_free() : */
                    p = set_window_background_and_free( w, p );
                    /* see common.c: wait_closedown() : */
                    wait_closedown(w);
                }
                if( dpy )
                    XCloseDisplay (dpy);
    #else
                /* writing result into the file */
                ASImage2file( rendered_im, NULL, "astext.jpg", ASIT_Jpeg, 
                              NULL );
                destroy_asimage( &rendered_im );
    #endif
            }
        }
        return 0 ;
    }
    

    • libAfterImage/tutorials/ASText.1 [7.1]
    • SYNOPSIS
      Step 1. Openning and closing fonts.
      
    • DESCRIPTION
      Before any  text  can be rendered using  libAfterImage  - desired font
      has to be opened for use. Font opening process is two-step. At first
      we need to  create  font manager (  ASFontManager  ). That is done once,
      and same font manager can be used throughout entire application. It
      contains information about used external libraries, hash of opened
      fonts, and some other info.
      
      When  ASFontManager  is created it could be used to obtain actuall fonts.
      get_asfont() call is used to  query  cahce of the  ASFontManager , to see
       if  the font has been loaded already, and  if  not - then it will load
      the font and  prepare  it for drawing.
      
      
    • EXAMPLE
          if( (fontman = create_font_manager( dpy, NULL, NULL )) != NULL )
              font = get_asfont( fontman, font_name, 0, size, ASF_GuessWho);
          if( font == NULL )
          {
              font = get_asfont( fontman, "fixed", 0, size, ASF_GuessWho );
              if( font == NULL )
              {
                  show_error( "font \"fixed\" is not available either. 
                                  Aborting.");
                  return 1;
              }
          }
          ...
          destroy_font( font );
          destroy_font_manager( fontman, False );
      
    • SEE ALSO
      create_font_manager(), get_asfont(), destroy_font(),
      destroy_font_manager()
      
      libAfterImage/tutorials/ASText.2 [7.2]
    • SYNOPSIS
      Step 2. Approximating rendered  text  size.
      
    • DESCRIPTION
      Prior to actually drawing the  text  it is usefull to estimate the size
      of the image, that rendered  text  will occupy, So that window can be
      created of appropriate size, and othe interface elements laid out
      accordingly. get_text_size() could be used to obtain rendered  text 
      size without actually drawing it.
      
    • EXAMPLE
          get_text_size(  text , font, type_3d, &width, &height );
          if( fore_image_file )
          {
               ASImage  *tmp = file2ASImage( fore_image_file, 0xFFFFFFFF,
                                           SCREEN_GAMMA, 0, NULL );
              if( tmp )
              {
                  if( tmp->width != width || tmp->height != height )
                  {
                      if( scale_fore_image )
                          fore_im = scale_asimage( asv, tmp, width, height,
                                                   ASA_ASImage, 0,
                                                   ASIMAGE_QUALITY_DEFAULT );
                      else
                          fore_im = tile_asimage( asv, tmp, 0, 0,
                                                  width, height, 0,
                                                  ASA_ASImage, 0,
                                                  ASIMAGE_QUALITY_DEFAULT );
                      destroy_asimage( &tmp );
                  }else
                      fore_im = tmp ;
              }
          }
      
    • NOTES
      In this particular example we either  tile  or  scale  foreground texture
      to fit the  text . In order to texturize the  text   - we need to use
      rendered  text  as an alpha channel on texture image. That can easily
      be done only  if  both images are the same size.
      
    • SEE ALSO
      get_text_size(), scale_asimage(), tile_asimage(),  ASText .3
      
      libAfterImage/tutorials/ASText.3 [7.3]
    • SYNOPSIS
      Step 3. Rendering texturized  text .
      
    • DESCRIPTION
      The most effective  text  texturization technique provided by
       libAfterImage  consists of substitution of the alpha channel of the
      texture, with rendered  text . That is possible since all the  text  is
      rendered into alpha channel only. move_asimage_channel() call is used
      to accomplish this operation. This call actually removes channel
      data from the original image and stores it in destination image. If
      there was something in destination image's channel  already - it will
      be destroyed.
      All kinds of nifty things could be done using this call, actually.
      Like, for example, rendered  text  can be moved into green channel of
      the texture, creating funky effect.
      
    • EXAMPLE
          text_im = draw_text(  text , font, 0 );
          if( fore_im )
          {
              move_asimage_channel( fore_im, IC_ALPHA, text_im, IC_ALPHA );
              destroy_asimage( &text_im );
          }else
              fore_im = text_im ;
      
    • NOTES
      move_asimage_channel() will only work  if  both images have exactly the
      same size. It will do nothing otherwise.
      
    • SEE ALSO
      draw_text(), move_asimage_channel()
      
      libAfterImage/tutorials/ASText.4 [7.4]
    • SYNOPSIS
      Step 4. Merging foreground and  background  with  bevel .
      
    • DESCRIPTION
      On this step we have 2 images ready for us -  background  and texturized
       text . At this point we need to  merge  them together by alpha-blending
       text  over  background  (remeber -  text  is alpha-channel of foreground
      texture). At the same time we would like to  add  some nice  bevel  border
      around entire image. To accomplish that task all we have to do is  setup 
       ASImageLayer  structure for both  background  and foreground, and apply
      merge_layers on them. When it is done - we no longer need original
      images and we  destroy  them to  free  up some memory.
      
    • EXAMPLE
           ASImageLayer  layers[2] ;
           ASImageBevel   bevel  = {0, 0xFFDDDDDD, 0xFF555555,
                                   0xFFFFFFFF, 0xFF777777, 0xFF444444,
                                BEVEL_HI_WIDTH, BEVEL_HI_WIDTH,
                                BEVEL_LO_WIDTH, BEVEL_LO_WIDTH,
                                BEVEL_HI_WIDTH, BEVEL_HI_WIDTH,
                                BEVEL_LO_WIDTH, BEVEL_LO_WIDTH } ;
          memset( &(layers[0]), 0x00, sizeof(layers) );
          layers[0].im = back_im ;
          layers[0].clip_width = width ;
          layers[0].clip_height = height ;
          layers[0].merge_scanlines = alphablend_scanlines ;
          layers[0]. bevel  = & bevel  ;
          layers[1].im = fore_im ;
          layers[1].dst_x = TEXT_MARGIN ;
          layers[1].dst_y = TEXT_MARGIN ;
          layers[1].clip_width = fore_im->width ;
          layers[1].clip_height = fore_im->height ;
          layers[1].back_color = text_color ;
          layers[1].merge_scanlines = alphablend_scanlines ;
          rendered_im = merge_layers( asv, &(layers[0]), 2,
                                      width+BEVEL_ADDON, height+BEVEL_ADDON,
                                      ASA_XImage, 0, ASIMAGE_QUALITY_DEFAULT);
          destroy_asimage( &fore_im );
          destroy_asimage( &back_im );
      
    • NOTES
      We have to remember that outside  bevel  border will addup to the image
      size, hence we have to use width+BEVEL_ADDON , height+BEVEL_ADDON as
      desired image size.
      
    • SEE ALSO
       ASImageLayer ,  ASImageBevel , merge_layers()
      


AfterStep Documentation   -   October 2005     ( 80% complete )

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