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AFTERImage example 2: Image scalingdemonstrates image loading and scaling



    libAfterImage/tutorials/ASScale
  • NAME
    ASScale

  • SYNOPSIS
    Simple program based on  libAfterImage  to  scale  an image.
    
  • DESCRIPTION
    We will load image and  scale  it up to new size, specified as command
    line arguments
    We then display the result in simple window.
    After that we would want to  wait , until user closes our window.
    
    In this tutorial we will only explain new steps, not described in
    previous tutorial. New steps described in this tutorial are :
     ASScale .1. Parsing geometry spec.
     ASScale .2. Scaling  ASImage .
    
  • SEE ALSO
    Tutorial 1:  ASView  - explanation of basic steps needed to use
                          libAfterImage  and some other simple things.
    
  • SOURCE

    
    #include "../afterbase.h"
    #include "../afterimage.h"
    #include "common.h"
    
    void usage()
    {
        printf( "Usage: asscale [-h]|[image [WIDTH[xHEIGHT]]]\n");
        printf( "Where: image - is image filename.\n");
        printf( "       WIDTH - width to  scale  image to.( Naturally :)\n");
        printf( "       HEIGHT- height to  scale  image to.\n");
    }
    
    int main(int argc, char* argv[])
    {
        char *image_file = "rose512.jpg" ;
        int dummy, geom_flags = 0;
        unsigned int to_width, to_height ;
         ASImage  *im ;
        int clip_x = 0, clip_y = 0, clip_width = 0, clip_height = 0 ;
        int slice_x_start = 0, slice_x_end = 0, slice_y_start = 0, slice_y_end = 0 ;
        Bool slice_scale = False ;
    
        /* see  ASView .1 : */
        set_application_name( argv[0] );
    
        if( argc > 1 )
        {
            int i = 2;
            if( strncmp( argv[1], "-h", 2 ) == 0 )
            {
                usage();
                return 0;
            }
            image_file = argv[1] ;
            if( argc > 2 )   /* see  ASScale .1 : */
                geom_flags = XParseGeometry( argv[2], &dummy, &dummy,
                                             &to_width, &to_height );
        
            while( ++i < argc )
            {   
                if( strncmp( argv[i], "-sx1", 4 ) == 0 && i+1 < argc )
                    slice_x_start = atoi(argv[++i]) ;
                else if( strncmp( argv[i], "-sx2", 4 ) == 0 && i+1 < argc )
                    slice_x_end = atoi(argv[++i]) ;
                else if( strncmp( argv[i], "-sy1", 4 ) == 0 && i+1 < argc )
                    slice_y_start = atoi(argv[++i]) ;
                else if( strncmp( argv[i], "-sy2", 4 ) == 0 && i+1 < argc )
                    slice_y_end = atoi(argv[++i]) ;
                else if( strncmp( argv[i], "-cx", 4 ) == 0 && i+1 < argc )
                    clip_x = atoi(argv[++i]) ;
                else if( strncmp( argv[i], "-cy", 4 ) == 0 && i+1 < argc )
                    clip_y = atoi(argv[++i]) ;
                else if( strncmp( argv[i], "-cwidth", 7 ) == 0 && i+1 < argc )
                    clip_width = atoi(argv[++i]) ;
                else if( strncmp( argv[i], "-cheight", 8 ) == 0 && i+1 < argc )
                    clip_height = atoi(argv[++i]) ;
                else if( strncmp( argv[i], "-ss", 3 ) == 0 )
                    slice_scale = True ;
            }
                   
        
        }else
        {
            show_warning( "no image file or  scale  geometry - defaults used:"
                          " \"%s\" ",
                          image_file );
            usage();
        }
        /* see  ASView .2 : */
        im = file2ASImage( image_file, 0xFFFFFFFF, SCREEN_GAMMA, 0, getenv("IMAGE_PATH"), NULL );
    
        if( im != NULL )
        {
             ASVisual  *asv ;
             ASImage  *scaled_im ;
            /* Making sure tiling geometry is sane : */
            if( !get_flags(geom_flags, WidthValue ) )
                to_width = im->width*2 ;
            if( !get_flags(geom_flags, HeightValue ) )
                to_height = im->height*2;
            printf( "%s: scaling image \"%s\" to %dx%d by factor of %fx%f\n",
                    get_application_name(), image_file, to_width, to_height,
                    (double)to_width/(double)(im->width),
                    (double)to_height/(double)(im->height) );
    
    #ifndef X_DISPLAY_MISSING
            {
                Window w ;
                int  screen , depth ;
    
                dpy = XOpenDisplay(NULL);
                _XA_WM_DELETE_WINDOW = XInternAtom( dpy, 
                                                    "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", 
                                                    False);
                 screen  = DefaultScreen(dpy);
                depth = DefaultDepth( dpy,  screen  );
                /* see  ASView .3 : */
                asv = create_asvisual( dpy,  screen , depth, NULL );
                /* see  ASView .4 : */
                w = create_top_level_window( asv, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), 
                                             32, 32,
                                             to_width, to_height, 1, 0, NULL,
                                             " ASScale ", image_file );
                if( w != None )
                {
                    Pixmap p ;
    
                    XMapRaised   (dpy, w);
                    /* see  ASScale .2 : */
                    if( slice_x_start == 0 && slice_x_end == 0 && 
                        slice_y_start == 0 && slice_y_end == 0 )
                    {
                        scaled_im = scale_asimage2( asv, im,
                                                    clip_x, clip_y, clip_width, clip_height, 
                                                    to_width, to_height,
                                                ASA_XImage, 0, 
                                                ASIMAGE_QUALITY_DEFAULT );
                    }else
                    {
                        scaled_im = slice_asimage2( asv, im, slice_x_start, slice_x_end, 
                                                   slice_y_start, slice_y_end,
                                                to_width, to_height, slice_scale,
                                                ASA_XImage, 0, 
                                                ASIMAGE_QUALITY_DEFAULT );
                    }                      
                    destroy_asimage( &im );
                    /* see  ASView .5 : */
                    p = asimage2pixmap(asv, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), scaled_im,
                                        NULL, True );
                    /* print_storage(NULL); */
                    destroy_asimage( &scaled_im );
                    /* see common.c: set_window_background_and_free() : */
                    p = set_window_background_and_free( w, p );
                }
                /* see common.c: wait_closedown() : */
                wait_closedown(w);
            }
    #else
            asv = create_asvisual( NULL, 0, 0, NULL );
            scaled_im = scale_asimage(asv, im, to_width, to_height,
                                      ASA_ASImage, 0, 
                                      ASIMAGE_QUALITY_DEFAULT );
            /* writing result into the file */
            ASImage2file( scaled_im, NULL, "asscale.jpg", ASIT_Jpeg, NULL );
            destroy_asimage( &scaled_im );
            destroy_asimage( &im );
    #endif
        }
        return 0 ;
    }
    

    • libAfterImage/tutorials/ASScale.1 [2.1]
    • SYNOPSIS
      Step 1. Parsing the geometry.
      
    • DESCRIPTION
      Geometry can be specified in WIDTHxHEIGHT+X+Y format. Accordingly we
      use standard X function to parse it: XParseGeometry. Returned flags
      tell us what values has been specified. Since we only need size -
      we check  if  it is specified and  if  not - simply default it to twice
      as big as original image. Accordingly we use dummy variable to pass
      to XParseGeometry.
      
    • EXAMPLE
          geom_flags = XParseGeometry( argv[3], &dummy, &dummy,
                                       &to_width, &to_height );
      
      libAfterImage/tutorials/ASScale.2 [2.2]
    • SYNOPSIS
      Step 2. Actual scaling the image.
      
    • DESCRIPTION
      scale_asimage() scales image both up and down, and is very easy to
      use - just pass it new size. In this example we use default quality.
      Default is equivalent to GOOD which should be sufficient in
      most cases. Compression is  set  to 0 since we do not intend to  store 
      image for long time. Even better - we don't need to  store  it at all -
      all we need is XImage, so we can transfer it to the server easily.
      That is why to_xim argument is  set  to ASA_XImage. As the result obtained
       ASImage  will not have any data in its buffers, but it will have
       ximage  member  set  to point to valid XImage. Subsequently we enjoy
      that convenience, by setting use_cached to True in call to
       asimage2pixmap . That ought to  save  us alot of processing.
      
      Scaling algorithm is rather sophisticated and is implementing 4 point
      interpolation. Which basically means that we try to approximate each
      missing point as an extension of the trend of 4 neighboring points -
      two on each side. Closest neighbor's have more weight then outside
      ones. 2D scaling is performed by scaling each scanline first, and
      then interpolating missing scanlines.
      Scaling down is somewhat skimpier, as it amounts to simple averaging
      of the multiple pixels. All calculations are done in integer math on
      per channel basis, and with precision 24.8 bits per channel per pixel.
      
      
    • EXAMPLE
          scaled_im = scale_asimage( asv, im, to_width, to_height,
                                     ASA_XImage, 0, ASIMAGE_QUALITY_DEFAULT );
          destroy_asimage( &im );
      
    • NOTES
      Scaling image up to very large height is much slower then to same
      width due to algorithm specifics. Yet even on inferior hardware it
      yields decent speeds.
      When we successfully scaled image - we no longer need the original -
      getting rid of it so it does not clog memory.
      
    • SEE ALSO
      scale_asimage().
      


AfterStep Documentation   -   October 2005     ( 80% complete )

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